![]() State and federal troops followed the unrest as it spread along the rail lines from city to city, beginning in Baltimore, where the movement of troops itself provoked a violent response that eventually required federal intervention to quell. In total, an estimated 100,000 workers participated nationwide. ![]() What began as the peaceful actions of organized labor attracted the masses of working discontent and unemployed of the depression, along with others who took opportunistic advantage of the chaos. Much of the city's center was burned, including more than a thousand rail cars destroyed. ![]() In the worst case, rioting in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania left 61 dead and 124 injured. Violence began in Martinsburg, West Virginia and spread along the rail lines through Baltimore and on to several major cities and transportation hubs of the time, including Reading, Scranton and Shamokin, Pennsylvania and a bloodless general strike in St. Work stoppage was followed by civil unrest across the nation. : 31ĭuring the summer of 1877, tensions erupted across the nation in what would become known as the Great Railroad Strike or simply the Great Strikes. In 1876, 76 railroad companies went bankrupt or entered receivership in the US alone, and the economic impacts rippled throughout many economic sectors throughout the industrialized world. Approximately 18,000 businesses failed between 18, production in iron and steel dropped as much as 45 percent, and a million or more lost their jobs. The Long Depression, sparked in the United States by the Panic of 1873, had far-reaching implications for US industry, closing more than a hundred railroads in the first year and cutting construction of new rail lines from 7,500 miles (12,100 km) of track in 1872 to 1,600 miles (2,600 km) in 1875. About 45 days after they had started, the walkouts ended.Main article: Long Depression Growth rates of industrial production (1850s–1913) The strike began to lose momentum after federal troops arrived in city after city to suppress the strikes. He called for federal troops to enforce his decision and subsequently had strikers arrested, to be tried before him for contempt of court. Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit, who was overseeing numerous railroads that had declared bankruptcy in the wake of the Panic of 1873, told federal marshals to protect the railroads. Army troops and Marines to Baltimore to restore order.Īlso on this day, rail traffic in Chicago became paralyzed when angry mobs wreaked havoc in rail yards. The militia remained trapped in Camden Yards, besieged by armed rioters until President Rutherford Hayes sent U.S. Street battles between the striking workers and the Maryland militia left 10 dead and 25 wounded. John Carroll ordered the National Guard to put down the strike, Baltimoreans attacked the troops. Meanwhile, the strike spread to Cumberland, Maryland, halting freight and passenger service. When the soldiers refused to use force against the strikers, the governor called in federal troops. ![]() Henry Mathews ordered state militia units to restore train service. The strikers would not allow trains to run until the cuts were revoked. It was triggered after the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad cut wages for the third time in a year. What came to be known as The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 began on July 14 in Martinsburg, West Virginia. ![]()
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